Portugal

República Portuguesa Portuguese Republic
Flag Coat of arms
Anthem: A Portuguesa
Location of  Portugal  (orange) – on the European continent  (camel & white) – in the European Union  (camel)
Capital (and largest city)	Lisbon 38°46′N 9°11′W
Official languages	Portuguese1
Government	Parliamentary democracy
- President	Aníbal Cavaco Silva
- Prime Minister	José Sócrates
Formation	868
- Independence	24 June 1128
- Kingdom	25 July 1139
- Recognized	5 October 1143
- Republic	11 October 1910
Accession to EU	1 January 1986
Area
- Total	92,391 km² (110th) 35,672 sq mi
- Water (%)	0.5
Population
- July 2006 estimate	10,605,870 (75th)
- 2001 census	10,148,259
- Density	114 /km² (87th) 295 /sq mi
GDP (PPP)	2005 estimate
- Total	$203.381 billion (41st)
- Per capita	$19,335 (37th)
HDI (2004)	0.904 (high) (28th)
Currency	Euro (€)2 (EUR)
Time zone	WET3
- Summer (DST)	WEST (UTC+1)
Internet TLD	.pt4
Calling code	+351
1 Mirandese, spoken in some villages of the municipality of Miranda do Douro, was officially recognized in 1999 (Lei n.º 7/99 de 29 de Janeiro), since then awarding an official right-of-use Mirandese to the linguistic minority it is concerned. The Portuguese Sign Language is also recognized. 2 Prior to 1999: Portuguese escudo. 3 Azores: UTC-1; UTC in summer. 4 The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Coordinates: 38°42′N 9°11′W Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (Portuguese: República Portuguesa; pron. IPA ), located in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula, is the westernmost country of mainland Europe. Portugal is bordered by Spain to the north and east and by the Atlantic Ocean to the west and south. The Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira are also part of Portugal.

The territory which forms the modern Portuguese Republic has witnessed a constant flow of civilizations during the past 3,100 years, since the earlier pre-Roman inhabitants, to the Roman, Germanic, and Moorish peoples who made an imprint on the country's culture, history, language, and ethnic composition. During the 15th and 16th centuries, with its vast transcontinental empire, Portugal was one of the world's major economic, political, and cultural powers. A developed country, Portugal is a member of the European Union (since 1986), the United Nations (since 1955), and a founding member of the Eurozone, OECD, and NATO.